diff --git a/src/Composer/Plugin/PluginManager.php b/src/Composer/Plugin/PluginManager.php
index f594478a6..c22364ad2 100644
--- a/src/Composer/Plugin/PluginManager.php
+++ b/src/Composer/Plugin/PluginManager.php
@@ -20,11 +20,13 @@ use Composer\Package\BasePackage;
 use Composer\Package\CompletePackage;
 use Composer\Package\Locker;
 use Composer\Package\Package;
+use Composer\Package\RootPackageInterface;
 use Composer\Package\Version\VersionParser;
 use Composer\PartialComposer;
 use Composer\Pcre\Preg;
 use Composer\Repository\RepositoryInterface;
 use Composer\Repository\InstalledRepository;
+use Composer\Repository\RepositoryUtils;
 use Composer\Repository\RootPackageRepository;
 use Composer\Package\PackageInterface;
 use Composer\Package\Link;
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ class PluginManager
     {
         if (!$this->arePluginsDisabled('local')) {
             $repo = $this->composer->getRepositoryManager()->getLocalRepository();
-            $this->loadRepository($repo, false);
+            $this->loadRepository($repo, false, $this->composer->getPackage());
         }
 
         if ($this->globalComposer !== null && !$this->arePluginsDisabled('global')) {
@@ -445,9 +447,11 @@ class PluginManager
      *
      * @param RepositoryInterface $repo Repository to scan for plugins to install
      *
+     * @phpstan-param ($isGlobalRepo is true ? null : RootPackageInterface) $rootPackage
+     *
      * @throws \RuntimeException
      */
-    private function loadRepository(RepositoryInterface $repo, bool $isGlobalRepo): void
+    private function loadRepository(RepositoryInterface $repo, bool $isGlobalRepo, ?RootPackageInterface $rootPackage = null): void
     {
         $packages = $repo->getPackages();
 
@@ -462,10 +466,28 @@ class PluginManager
         }
 
         $sortedPackages = PackageSorter::sortPackages($packages, $weights);
+        if (!$isGlobalRepo) {
+            $requiredPackages = RepositoryUtils::filterRequiredPackages($packages, $rootPackage, true);
+        }
+
         foreach ($sortedPackages as $package) {
             if (!($package instanceof CompletePackage)) {
                 continue;
             }
+
+            if (!in_array($package->getType(), ['composer-plugin', 'composer-installer'], true)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (
+                !$isGlobalRepo
+                && !in_array($package, $requiredPackages, true)
+                && !$this->isPluginAllowed($package->getName(), false, true, false)
+            ) {
+                $this->io->writeError('<warning>The "'.$package->getName().'" plugin was not loaded as it is not listed in allow-plugins and is not required by the root package anymore.</warning>');
+                continue;
+            }
+
             if ('composer-plugin' === $package->getType()) {
                 $this->registerPackage($package, false, $isGlobalRepo);
             // Backward compatibility
@@ -668,7 +690,7 @@ class PluginManager
     /**
      * @internal
      */
-    public function isPluginAllowed(string $package, bool $isGlobalPlugin, bool $optional = false): bool
+    public function isPluginAllowed(string $package, bool $isGlobalPlugin, bool $optional = false, bool $prompt = true): bool
     {
         if ($isGlobalPlugin) {
             $rules = &$this->allowGlobalPluginRules;
@@ -703,7 +725,7 @@ class PluginManager
             return false;
         }
 
-        if ($this->io->isInteractive()) {
+        if ($this->io->isInteractive() && $prompt) {
             $composer = $isGlobalPlugin && $this->globalComposer !== null ? $this->globalComposer : $this->composer;
 
             $this->io->writeError('<warning>'.$package.($isGlobalPlugin || $this->runningInGlobalDir ? ' (installed globally)' : '').' contains a Composer plugin which is currently not in your allow-plugins config. See https://getcomposer.org/allow-plugins</warning>');
diff --git a/src/Composer/Repository/RepositoryUtils.php b/src/Composer/Repository/RepositoryUtils.php
index 62e1c5b0f..e6960c63d 100644
--- a/src/Composer/Repository/RepositoryUtils.php
+++ b/src/Composer/Repository/RepositoryUtils.php
@@ -24,23 +24,28 @@ class RepositoryUtils
     /**
      * Find all of $packages which are required by $requirer, either directly or transitively
      *
-     * Require-dev is ignored
+     * Require-dev is ignored by default, you can enable the require-dev of the initial $requirer
+     * packages by passing $includeRequireDev=true, but require-dev of transitive dependencies
+     * are always ignored.
      *
      * @template T of PackageInterface
      * @param  array<T> $packages
      * @param  list<T> $bucket Do not pass this in, only used to avoid recursion with circular deps
      * @return list<T>
      */
-    public static function filterRequiredPackages(array $packages, PackageInterface $requirer, array $bucket = []): array
+    public static function filterRequiredPackages(array $packages, PackageInterface $requirer, bool $includeRequireDev = false, array $bucket = []): array
     {
         $requires = $requirer->getRequires();
+        if ($includeRequireDev) {
+            $requires = array_merge($requires, $requirer->getDevRequires());
+        }
 
         foreach ($packages as $candidate) {
             foreach ($candidate->getNames() as $name) {
                 if (isset($requires[$name])) {
                     if (!in_array($candidate, $bucket, true)) {
                         $bucket[] = $candidate;
-                        $bucket = self::filterRequiredPackages($packages, $candidate, $bucket);
+                        $bucket = self::filterRequiredPackages($packages, $candidate, false, $bucket);
                     }
                     break;
                 }
diff --git a/tests/Composer/Test/Repository/RepositoryUtilsTest.php b/tests/Composer/Test/Repository/RepositoryUtilsTest.php
index ddc328998..e85d2f2f5 100644
--- a/tests/Composer/Test/Repository/RepositoryUtilsTest.php
+++ b/tests/Composer/Test/Repository/RepositoryUtilsTest.php
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ class RepositoryUtilsTest extends TestCase
      * @param PackageInterface[] $pkgs
      * @param string[] $expected
      */
-    public function testFilterRequiredPackages(array $pkgs, PackageInterface $requirer, array $expected): void
+    public function testFilterRequiredPackages(array $pkgs, PackageInterface $requirer, array $expected, bool $includeRequireDev = false): void
     {
         $expected = array_map(static function (string $name) use ($pkgs): PackageInterface {
             return $pkgs[$name];
         }, $expected);
 
-        self::assertSame($expected, RepositoryUtils::filterRequiredPackages($pkgs, $requirer));
+        self::assertSame($expected, RepositoryUtils::filterRequiredPackages($pkgs, $requirer, $includeRequireDev));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -72,6 +72,10 @@ class RepositoryUtilsTest extends TestCase
         self::configureLinks($requirer, ['require-dev' => ['required/a' => '*']]);
         yield 'require-dev has no effect' => [$pkgs, $requirer, []];
 
+        $requirer = self::getPackage('requirer/pkg');
+        self::configureLinks($requirer, ['require-dev' => ['required/a' => '*']]);
+        yield 'require-dev works if called with it enabled' => [$pkgs, $requirer, ['a'], true];
+
         $requirer = self::getPackage('requirer/pkg');
         self::configureLinks($requirer, ['require' => ['required/a' => '*']]);
         yield 'simple require' => [$pkgs, $requirer, ['a']];