innernet/server/src/main.rs

use colored::*;
use dialoguer::Confirm;
use hyper::{http, server::conn::AddrStream, Body, Request, Response};
use indoc::printdoc;
use ipnetwork::IpNetwork;
use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
use rusqlite::Connection;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use shared::{AddCidrOpts, DeleteCidrOpts, AddPeerOpts, IoErrorContext, NetworkOpt, INNERNET_PUBKEY_HEADER};
use std::{
    collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
    convert::TryInto,
    env,
    fs::File,
    io::prelude::*,
    net::{IpAddr, SocketAddr, TcpListener},
    ops::Deref,
    path::{Path, PathBuf},
    sync::Arc,
    time::Duration,
};
use structopt::StructOpt;
use subtle::ConstantTimeEq;
use wgctrl::{Backend, Device, DeviceUpdate, InterfaceName, Key, PeerConfigBuilder};

pub mod api;
pub mod db;
pub mod error;
#[cfg(test)]
mod test;
pub mod util;

mod initialize;

use db::{DatabaseCidr, DatabasePeer};
pub use error::ServerError;
use initialize::InitializeOpts;
use shared::{prompts, wg, CidrTree, Error, Interface, SERVER_CONFIG_DIR, SERVER_DATABASE_DIR};
pub use shared::{Association, AssociationContents};

pub const VERSION: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");

#[derive(Debug, StructOpt)]
#[structopt(name = "innernet-server", about)]
struct Opt {
    #[structopt(subcommand)]
    command: Command,

    #[structopt(flatten)]
    network: NetworkOpt,
}

#[derive(Debug, StructOpt)]
enum Command {
    /// Create a new network.
    #[structopt(alias = "init")]
    New {
        #[structopt(flatten)]
        opts: InitializeOpts,
    },

    /// Permanently uninstall a created network, rendering it unusable. Use with care.
    Uninstall { interface: Interface },

    /// Serve the coordinating server for an existing network.
    Serve {
        interface: Interface,

        #[structopt(flatten)]
        network: NetworkOpt,
    },

    /// Add a peer to an existing network.
    AddPeer {
        interface: Interface,

        #[structopt(flatten)]
        args: AddPeerOpts,
    },

    /// Add a new CIDR to an existing network.
    AddCidr {
        interface: Interface,

        #[structopt(flatten)]
        args: AddCidrOpts,
    },

    /// Delete a CIDR.
    DeleteCidr {
        interface: Interface,

        #[structopt(flatten)]
        args: DeleteCidrOpts,
    },

}

pub type Db = Arc<Mutex<Connection>>;
pub type Endpoints = Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, SocketAddr>>>;

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Context {
    pub db: Db,
    pub endpoints: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, SocketAddr>>>,
    pub interface: InterfaceName,
    pub backend: Backend,
    pub public_key: Key,
}

pub struct Session {
    pub context: Context,
    pub peer: DatabasePeer,
}

impl Session {
    pub fn admin_capable(&self) -> bool {
        self.peer.is_admin && self.user_capable()
    }

    pub fn user_capable(&self) -> bool {
        !self.peer.is_disabled && self.peer.is_redeemed
    }

    pub fn redeemable(&self) -> bool {
        !self.peer.is_disabled && !self.peer.is_redeemed
    }
}

#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug)]
#[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
pub struct ConfigFile {
    /// The server's WireGuard key
    pub private_key: String,

    /// The listen port of the server
    pub listen_port: u16,

    /// The internal WireGuard IP address assigned to the server
    pub address: IpAddr,

    /// The CIDR prefix of the WireGuard network
    pub network_cidr_prefix: u8,
}

impl ConfigFile {
    pub fn write_to_path<P: AsRef<Path>>(&self, path: P) -> Result<(), Error> {
        let mut invitation_file = File::create(&path).with_path(&path)?;
        shared::chmod(&invitation_file, 0o600)?;
        invitation_file
            .write_all(toml::to_string(self).unwrap().as_bytes())
            .with_path(path)?;
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn from_file<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Self, Error> {
        let path = path.as_ref();
        let file = File::open(path).with_path(path)?;
        if shared::chmod(&file, 0o600)? {
            println!(
                "{} updated permissions for {} to 0600.",
                "[!]".yellow(),
                path.display()
            );
        }
        Ok(toml::from_slice(&std::fs::read(&path).with_path(path)?)?)
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
pub struct ServerConfig {
    wg_manage_dir_override: Option<PathBuf>,
    wg_dir_override: Option<PathBuf>,
}

impl ServerConfig {
    fn database_dir(&self) -> &Path {
        self.wg_manage_dir_override
            .as_deref()
            .unwrap_or(*SERVER_DATABASE_DIR)
    }

    fn database_path(&self, interface: &InterfaceName) -> PathBuf {
        PathBuf::new()
            .join(self.database_dir())
            .join(interface.to_string())
            .with_extension("db")
    }

    fn config_dir(&self) -> &Path {
        self.wg_dir_override
            .as_deref()
            .unwrap_or(*SERVER_CONFIG_DIR)
    }

    fn config_path(&self, interface: &InterfaceName) -> PathBuf {
        PathBuf::new()
            .join(self.config_dir())
            .join(interface.to_string())
            .with_extension("conf")
    }
}

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    if env::var_os("RUST_LOG").is_none() {
        // Set some default log settings.
        env::set_var("RUST_LOG", "warn,warp=info,wg_manage_server=info");
    }

    pretty_env_logger::init();
    let opt = Opt::from_args();

    if unsafe { libc::getuid() } != 0 {
        return Err("innernet-server must run as root.".into());
    }

    let conf = ServerConfig::default();

    match opt.command {
        Command::New { opts } => {
            if let Err(e) = initialize::init_wizard(&conf, opts) {
                println!("{}: {}.", "creation failed".red(), e);
            }
        },
        Command::Uninstall { interface } => uninstall(&interface, &conf, opt.network)?,
        Command::Serve {
            interface,
            network: routing,
        } => serve(*interface, &conf, routing).await?,
        Command::AddPeer { interface, args } => add_peer(&interface, &conf, args, opt.network)?,
        Command::AddCidr { interface, args } => add_cidr(&interface, &conf, args)?,
        Command::DeleteCidr { interface, args } => delete_cidr(&interface, &conf, args)?,
    }

    Ok(())
}

fn open_database_connection(
    interface: &InterfaceName,
    conf: &ServerConfig,
) -> Result<rusqlite::Connection, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let database_path = conf.database_path(&interface);
    if !Path::new(&database_path).exists() {
        return Err(format!(
            "no database file found at {}",
            database_path.to_string_lossy()
        )
        .into());
    }

    let conn = Connection::open(&database_path)?;
    // Foreign key constraints aren't on in SQLite by default. Enable.
    conn.pragma_update(None, "foreign_keys", &1)?;
    db::auto_migrate(&conn)?;
    Ok(conn)
}

fn add_peer(
    interface: &InterfaceName,
    conf: &ServerConfig,
    opts: AddPeerOpts,
    network: NetworkOpt,
) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let config = ConfigFile::from_file(conf.config_path(interface))?;
    let conn = open_database_connection(interface, conf)?;
    let peers = DatabasePeer::list(&conn)?
        .into_iter()
        .map(|dp| dp.inner)
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let cidrs = DatabaseCidr::list(&conn)?;
    let cidr_tree = CidrTree::new(&cidrs[..]);

    if let Some((peer_request, keypair)) = shared::prompts::add_peer(&peers, &cidr_tree, &opts)? {
        let peer = DatabasePeer::create(&conn, peer_request)?;
        if cfg!(not(test)) && Device::get(interface, network.backend).is_ok() {
            // Update the current WireGuard interface with the new peers.
            DeviceUpdate::new()
                .add_peer((&*peer).into())
                .apply(interface, network.backend)
                .map_err(|_| ServerError::WireGuard)?;

            println!("adding to WireGuard interface: {}", &*peer);
        }

        let server_peer = DatabasePeer::get(&conn, 1)?;
        prompts::save_peer_invitation(
            interface,
            &peer,
            &*server_peer,
            &cidr_tree,
            keypair,
            &SocketAddr::new(config.address, config.listen_port),
            &opts.save_config,
        )?;
    } else {
        println!("exited without creating peer.");
    }

    Ok(())
}

fn add_cidr(
    interface: &InterfaceName,
    conf: &ServerConfig,
    opts: AddCidrOpts,
) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let conn = open_database_connection(interface, conf)?;
    let cidrs = DatabaseCidr::list(&conn)?;
    if let Some(cidr_request) = shared::prompts::add_cidr(&cidrs, &opts)? {
        let cidr = DatabaseCidr::create(&conn, cidr_request)?;
        printdoc!(
            "
            CIDR \"{cidr_name}\" added.

            Right now, peers within {cidr_name} can only see peers in the same CIDR, and in
            the special \"innernet-server\" CIDR that includes the innernet server peer.

            You'll need to add more associations for peers in diffent CIDRs to communicate.
            ",
            cidr_name = cidr.name.bold()
        );
    } else {
        println!("exited without creating CIDR.");
    }

    Ok(())
}

fn delete_cidr(interface: &InterfaceName, conf: &ServerConfig, args: DeleteCidrOpts) -> Result<(), Error> {
    println!("Fetching eligible CIDRs");
    let conn = open_database_connection(interface, conf)?;
    let cidrs = DatabaseCidr::list(&conn)?;
    let peers = DatabasePeer::list(&conn)?
        .into_iter()
        .map(|dp| dp.inner)
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let cidr_id = prompts::delete_cidr(&cidrs, &peers, &args)?;

    println!("Deleting CIDR...");
    let _ = DatabaseCidr::delete(&conn, cidr_id)?;

    println!("CIDR deleted.");

    Ok(())
}

fn uninstall(
    interface: &InterfaceName,
    conf: &ServerConfig,
    network: NetworkOpt,
) -> Result<(), Error> {
    if Confirm::with_theme(&*prompts::THEME)
        .with_prompt(&format!(
            "Permanently delete network \"{}\"?",
            interface.as_str_lossy().yellow()
        ))
        .default(false)
        .interact()?
    {
        println!("{} bringing down interface (if up).", "[*]".dimmed());
        wg::down(interface, network.backend).ok();
        let config = conf.config_path(interface);
        let data = conf.database_path(interface);
        std::fs::remove_file(&config)
            .with_path(&config)
            .map_err(|e| println!("[!] {}", e.to_string().yellow()))
            .ok();
        std::fs::remove_file(&data)
            .with_path(&data)
            .map_err(|e| println!("[!] {}", e.to_string().yellow()))
            .ok();
        println!(
            "{} network {} is uninstalled.",
            "[*]".dimmed(),
            interface.as_str_lossy().yellow()
        );
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn spawn_endpoint_refresher(interface: InterfaceName, network: NetworkOpt) -> Endpoints {
    let endpoints = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new()));
    tokio::task::spawn({
        let endpoints = endpoints.clone();
        async move {
            let mut interval = tokio::time::interval(Duration::from_secs(10));
            loop {
                interval.tick().await;
                if let Ok(info) = Device::get(&interface, network.backend) {
                    for peer in info.peers {
                        if let Some(endpoint) = peer.config.endpoint {
                            endpoints
                                .write()
                                .insert(peer.config.public_key.to_base64(), endpoint);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    });
    endpoints
}

fn spawn_expired_invite_sweeper(db: Db) {
    tokio::task::spawn(async move {
        let mut interval = tokio::time::interval(Duration::from_secs(10));
        loop {
            interval.tick().await;
            match DatabasePeer::delete_expired_invites(&db.lock()) {
                Ok(deleted) if deleted > 0 => {
                    log::info!("Deleted {} expired peer invitations.", deleted)
                },
                Err(e) => log::error!("Failed to delete expired peer invitations: {}", e),
                _ => {},
            }
        }
    });
}

async fn serve(
    interface: InterfaceName,
    conf: &ServerConfig,
    network: NetworkOpt,
) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let config = ConfigFile::from_file(conf.config_path(&interface))?;
    let conn = open_database_connection(&interface, conf)?;

    let peers = DatabasePeer::list(&conn)?;
    let peer_configs = peers
        .iter()
        .map(|peer| peer.deref().into())
        .collect::<Vec<PeerConfigBuilder>>();

    log::info!("bringing up interface.");
    wg::up(
        &interface,
        &config.private_key,
        IpNetwork::new(config.address, config.network_cidr_prefix)?,
        Some(config.listen_port),
        None,
        network,
    )?;

    DeviceUpdate::new()
        .add_peers(&peer_configs)
        .apply(&interface, network.backend)?;

    log::info!("{} peers added to wireguard interface.", peers.len());

    let public_key = wgctrl::Key::from_base64(&config.private_key)?.generate_public();
    let db = Arc::new(Mutex::new(conn));
    let endpoints = spawn_endpoint_refresher(interface, network);
    spawn_expired_invite_sweeper(db.clone());

    let context = Context {
        db,
        endpoints,
        interface,
        public_key,
        backend: network.backend,
    };

    log::info!("innernet-server {} starting.", VERSION);

    let listener = get_listener((config.address, config.listen_port).into(), &interface)?;

    let make_svc = hyper::service::make_service_fn(move |socket: &AddrStream| {
        let remote_addr = socket.remote_addr();
        let context = context.clone();
        async move {
            Ok::<_, http::Error>(hyper::service::service_fn(move |req: Request<Body>| {
                log::debug!("{} - {} {}", &remote_addr, req.method(), req.uri());
                hyper_service(req, context.clone(), remote_addr)
            }))
        }
    });

    let server = hyper::Server::from_tcp(listener)?.serve(make_svc);

    server.await?;

    Ok(())
}

/// This function differs per OS, because different operating systems have
/// opposing characteristics when binding to a specific IP address.
/// On Linux, binding to a specific local IP address does *not* bind it to
/// that IP's interface, allowing for spoofing attacks.
///
/// See https://github.com/tonarino/innernet/issues/26 for more details.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
fn get_listener(addr: SocketAddr, interface: &InterfaceName) -> Result<TcpListener, Error> {
    let listener = TcpListener::bind(&addr)?;
    listener.set_nonblocking(true)?;
    let sock = socket2::Socket::from(listener);
    sock.bind_device(Some(interface.as_str_lossy().as_bytes()))?;
    Ok(sock.into())
}

/// BSD-likes do seem to bind to an interface when binding to an IP,
/// according to the internet, but we may want to explicitly use
/// IP_BOUND_IF in the future regardless. This isn't currently in
/// the socket2 crate however, so we aren't currently using it.
///
/// See https://github.com/tonarino/innernet/issues/26 for more details.
#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
fn get_listener(addr: SocketAddr, _interface: &InterfaceName) -> Result<TcpListener, Error> {
    let listener = TcpListener::bind(&addr)?;
    listener.set_nonblocking(true)?;
    Ok(listener)
}

pub(crate) async fn hyper_service(
    req: Request<Body>,
    context: Context,
    remote_addr: SocketAddr,
) -> Result<Response<Body>, http::Error> {
    // Break the path into components.
    let components: VecDeque<_> = req
        .uri()
        .path()
        .trim_start_matches('/')
        .split('/')
        .map(String::from)
        .collect();

    routes(req, context, remote_addr, components)
        .await
        .or_else(TryInto::try_into)
}

async fn routes(
    req: Request<Body>,
    context: Context,
    remote_addr: SocketAddr,
    mut components: VecDeque<String>,
) -> Result<Response<Body>, ServerError> {
    // Must be "/v1/[something]"
    if components.pop_front().as_deref() != Some("v1") {
        Err(ServerError::NotFound)
    } else {
        let session = get_session(&req, context, remote_addr.ip())?;
        let component = components.pop_front();
        match component.as_deref() {
            Some("user") => api::user::routes(req, components, session).await,
            Some("admin") => api::admin::routes(req, components, session).await,
            _ => Err(ServerError::NotFound),
        }
    }
}

fn get_session(
    req: &Request<Body>,
    context: Context,
    addr: IpAddr,
) -> Result<Session, ServerError> {
    let pubkey = req
        .headers()
        .get(INNERNET_PUBKEY_HEADER)
        .ok_or(ServerError::Unauthorized)?;
    let pubkey = pubkey.to_str().map_err(|_| ServerError::Unauthorized)?;
    let pubkey = Key::from_base64(&pubkey).map_err(|_| ServerError::Unauthorized)?;
    if pubkey.0.ct_eq(&context.public_key.0).into() {
        let peer = DatabasePeer::get_from_ip(&context.db.lock(), addr).map_err(|e| match e {
            rusqlite::Error::QueryReturnedNoRows => ServerError::Unauthorized,
            e => ServerError::Database(e),
        })?;

        if !peer.is_disabled {
            return Ok(Session { context, peer });
        }
    }

    Err(ServerError::Unauthorized)
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::test;
    use anyhow::Result;
    use hyper::StatusCode;
    use std::path::Path;

    #[test]
    fn test_init_wizard() -> Result<(), Error> {
        // This runs init_wizard().
        let server = test::Server::new()?;

        assert!(Path::new(&server.wg_conf_path()).exists());

        Ok(())
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_with_session_disguised_with_headers() -> Result<(), Error> {
        let server = test::Server::new()?;

        let req = Request::builder()
            .uri(format!("http://{}/v1/admin/peers", test::WG_MANAGE_PEER_IP))
            .header("Forwarded", format!("for={}", test::ADMIN_PEER_IP))
            .header("X-Forwarded-For", test::ADMIN_PEER_IP)
            .header("X-Real-IP", test::ADMIN_PEER_IP)
            .body(Body::empty())
            .unwrap();

        // Request from an unknown IP, trying to disguise as an admin using HTTP headers.
        let res = server.raw_request("10.80.80.80", req).await;

        // addr::remote() filter only look at remote_addr from TCP socket.
        // HTTP headers are not considered. This also means that innernet
        // server would not function behind an HTTP proxy.
        assert_eq!(res.status(), StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);

        Ok(())
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_incorrect_public_key() -> Result<(), Error> {
        let server = test::Server::new()?;

        let key = Key::generate_private().generate_public();

        // Request from an unknown IP, trying to disguise as an admin using HTTP headers.
        let req = Request::builder()
            .uri(format!("http://{}/v1/admin/peers", test::WG_MANAGE_PEER_IP))
            .header(shared::INNERNET_PUBKEY_HEADER, key.to_base64())
            .body(Body::empty())
            .unwrap();
        let res = server.raw_request("10.80.80.80", req).await;

        // addr::remote() filter only look at remote_addr from TCP socket.
        // HTTP headers are not considered. This also means that innernet
        // server would not function behind an HTTP proxy.
        assert_eq!(res.status(), StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);

        Ok(())
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_unparseable_public_key() -> Result<(), Error> {
        let server = test::Server::new()?;

        let req = Request::builder()
            .uri(format!("http://{}/v1/admin/peers", test::WG_MANAGE_PEER_IP))
            .header(shared::INNERNET_PUBKEY_HEADER, "!!!")
            .body(Body::empty())
            .unwrap();
        let res = server.raw_request("10.80.80.80", req).await;

        // addr::remote() filter only look at remote_addr from TCP socket.
        // HTTP headers are not considered. This also means that innernet
        // server would not function behind an HTTP proxy.
        assert_eq!(res.status(), StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);

        Ok(())
    }
}