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composer/doc/articles/scripts.md

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Scripts

What is a script?

A script, in Composer's terms, can either be a PHP callback (defined as a static method) or any command-line executable command. Scripts are useful for executing a package's custom code or package-specific commands during the Composer execution process.

Note: Only scripts defined in the root package's composer.json are executed. If a dependency of the root package specifies its own scripts, Composer does not execute those additional scripts.

Event names

Composer fires the following named events during its execution process:

Command Events

  • pre-install-cmd: occurs before the install command is executed with a lock file present.
  • post-install-cmd: occurs after the install command has been executed with a lock file present.
  • pre-update-cmd: occurs before the update command is executed, or before the install command is executed without a lock file present.
  • post-update-cmd: occurs after the update command has been executed, or after the install command has been executed without a lock file present.
  • post-status-cmd: occurs after the status command has been executed.
  • pre-archive-cmd: occurs before the archive command is executed.
  • post-archive-cmd: occurs after the archive command has been executed.
  • pre-autoload-dump: occurs before the autoloader is dumped, either during install/update, or via the dump-autoload command.
  • post-autoload-dump: occurs after the autoloader has been dumped, either during install/update, or via the dump-autoload command.
  • post-root-package-install: occurs after the root package has been installed, during the create-project command.
  • post-create-project-cmd: occurs after the create-project command has been executed.

Installer Events

  • pre-dependencies-solving: occurs before the dependencies are resolved.
  • post-dependencies-solving: occurs after the dependencies have been resolved.

Package Events

  • pre-package-install: occurs before a package is installed.
  • post-package-install: occurs after a package has been installed.
  • pre-package-update: occurs before a package is updated.
  • post-package-update: occurs after a package has been updated.
  • pre-package-uninstall: occurs before a package is uninstalled.
  • post-package-uninstall: occurs after a package has been uninstalled.

Plugin Events

  • init: occurs after a Composer instance is done being initialized.
  • command: occurs before any Composer Command is executed on the CLI. It provides you with access to the input and output objects of the program.
  • pre-file-download: occurs before files are downloaded and allows you to manipulate the RemoteFilesystem object prior to downloading files based on the URL to be downloaded.

Note: Composer makes no assumptions about the state of your dependencies prior to install or update. Therefore, you should not specify scripts that require Composer-managed dependencies in the pre-update-cmd or pre-install-cmd event hooks. If you need to execute scripts prior to install or update please make sure they are self-contained within your root package.

Defining scripts

The root JSON object in composer.json should have a property called "scripts", which contains pairs of named events and each event's corresponding scripts. An event's scripts can be defined as either a string (only for a single script) or an array (for single or multiple scripts.)

For any given event:

  • Scripts execute in the order defined when their corresponding event is fired.
  • An array of scripts wired to a single event can contain both PHP callbacks and command-line executable commands.
  • PHP classes containing defined callbacks must be autoloadable via Composer's autoload functionality.
  • Callbacks can only autoload classes from psr-0, psr-4 and classmap definitions. If a defined callback relies on functions defined outside of a class, the callback itself is responsible for loading the file containing these functions.

Script definition example:

{
    "scripts": {
        "post-update-cmd": "MyVendor\\MyClass::postUpdate",
        "post-package-install": [
            "MyVendor\\MyClass::postPackageInstall"
        ],
        "post-install-cmd": [
            "MyVendor\\MyClass::warmCache",
            "phpunit -c app/"
        ],
        "post-autoload-dump": [
            "MyVendor\\MyClass::postAutoloadDump"
        ],
        "post-create-project-cmd": [
            "php -r \"copy('config/local-example.php', 'config/local.php');\""
        ]
    }
}

Using the previous definition example, here's the class MyVendor\MyClass that might be used to execute the PHP callbacks:

<?php

namespace MyVendor;

use Composer\Script\Event;
use Composer\Installer\PackageEvent;

class MyClass
{
    public static function postUpdate(Event $event)
    {
        $composer = $event->getComposer();
        // do stuff
    }

    public static function postAutoloadDump(Event $event)
    {
        $vendorDir = $event->getComposer()->getConfig()->get('vendor-dir');
        require $vendorDir . '/autoload.php';

        some_function_from_an_autoloaded_file();
    }

    public static function postPackageInstall(PackageEvent $event)
    {
        $installedPackage = $event->getOperation()->getPackage();
        // do stuff
    }

    public static function warmCache(Event $event)
    {
        // make cache toasty
    }
}

Note: During a composer install or update process, a variable named COMPOSER_DEV_MODE will be added to the environment. If the command was run with the --no-dev flag, this variable will be set to 0, otherwise it will be set to 1.

Event classes

When an event is fired, your PHP callback receives as first argument a Composer\EventDispatcher\Event object. This object has a getName() method that lets you retrieve the event name.

Depending on the script types you will get various event subclasses containing various getters with relevant data and associated objects:

Running scripts manually

If you would like to run the scripts for an event manually, the syntax is:

composer run-script [--dev] [--no-dev] script

For example composer run-script post-install-cmd will run any post-install-cmd scripts that have been defined.

You can also give additional arguments to the script handler by appending -- followed by the handler arguments. e.g. composer run-script post-install-cmd -- --check will pass--check along to the script handler. Those arguments are received as CLI arg by CLI handlers, and can be retrieved as an array via $event->getArguments() by PHP handlers.

Writing custom commands

If you add custom scripts that do not fit one of the predefined event name above, you can either run them with run-script or also run them as native Composer commands. For example the handler defined below is executable by simply running composer test:

{
    "scripts": {
        "test": "phpunit"
    }
}

Note: Composer's bin-dir is pushed on top of the PATH so that binaries of dependencies are easily accessible as CLI commands when writing scripts.

Referencing scripts

To enable script re-use and avoid duplicates, you can call a script from another one by prefixing the command name with @:

{
    "scripts": {
        "test": [
            "@clearCache",
            "phpunit"
        ],
        "clearCache": "rm -rf cache/*"
    }
}

Calling Composer commands

To call Composer commands, you can use @composer which will automatically resolve to whatever composer.phar is currently being used:

{
    "scripts": {
        "test": [
            "@composer install",
            "phpunit"
        ]
    }
}

One limitation of this is that you can not call multiple composer commands in a row like @composer install && @composer foo. You must split them up in a JSON array of commands.

Executing PHP scripts

To execute PHP scripts, you can use @php which will automatically resolve to whatever php process is currently being used:

{
    "scripts": {
        "test": [
            "@php script.php",
            "phpunit"
        ]
    }
}

One limitation of this is that you can not call multiple commands in a row like @php install && @php foo. You must split them up in a JSON array of commands.