219 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
219 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
# Command-line interface
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You've already learned how to use the command-line interface to do some
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things. This chapter documents all the available commands.
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## init
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In the [Libraries](02-libraries.md) chapter we looked at how to create a `composer.json` by
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hand. There is also an `init` command available that makes it a bit easier to
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do this.
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When you run the command it will interactively ask you to fill in the fields,
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while using some smart defaults.
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$ php composer.phar init
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## install
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The `install` command reads the `composer.json` file from the current
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directory, resolves the dependencies, and installs them into `vendor`.
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$ php composer.phar install
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If there is a `composer.lock` file in the current directory, it will use the
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exact versions from there instead of resolving them. This ensures that
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everyone using the library will get the same versions of the dependencies.
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If there is no `composer.lock` file, composer will create one after dependency
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resolution.
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### Options
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* **--prefer-source:** There are two ways of downloading a package: `source`
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and `dist`. For stable versions composer will use the `dist` by default.
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The `source` is a version control repository. If `--prefer-source` is
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enabled, composer will install from `source` if there is one. This is
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useful if you want to make a bugfix to a project and get a local git
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clone of the dependency directly.
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* **--dry-run:** If you want to run through an installation without actually
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installing a package, you can use `--dry-run`. This will simulate the
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installation and show you what would happen.
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* **--dev:** By default composer will only install required packages. By
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passing this option you can also make it install packages referenced by
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`require-dev`.
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## update
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In order to get the latest versions of the dependencies and to update the
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`composer.lock` file, you should use the `update` command.
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$ php composer.phar update
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This will resolve all dependencies of the project and write the exact versions
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into `composer.lock`.
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### Options
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* **--prefer-source:** Install packages from `source` when available.
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* **--dry-run:** Simulate the command without actually doing anything.
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* **--dev:** Install packages listed in `require-dev`.
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## search
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The search command allows you to search through the current project's package
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repositories. Usually this will be just packagist. You simply pass it the
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terms you want to search for.
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$ php composer.phar search monolog
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You can also search for more than one term by passing multiple arguments.
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## show
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To list all of the available packages, you can use the `show` command.
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$ php composer.phar show
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If you want to see the details of a certain package, you can pass the package
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name.
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$ php composer.phar show monolog/monolog
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name : monolog/monolog
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versions : master-dev, 1.0.2, 1.0.1, 1.0.0, 1.0.0-RC1
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type : library
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names : monolog/monolog
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source : [git] http://github.com/Seldaek/monolog.git 3d4e60d0cbc4b888fe5ad223d77964428b1978da
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dist : [zip] http://github.com/Seldaek/monolog/zipball/3d4e60d0cbc4b888fe5ad223d77964428b1978da 3d4e60d0cbc4b888fe5ad223d77964428b1978da
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license : MIT
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autoload
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psr-0
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Monolog : src/
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requires
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php >=5.3.0
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You can even pass the package version, which will tell you the details of that
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specific version.
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$ php composer.phar show monolog/monolog 1.0.2
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### Options
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* **--installed:** Will list the packages that are installed.
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* **--platform:** Will list only platform packages (php & extensions).
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## depends
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The `depends` command tells you which other packages depend on a certain
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package. You can specify which link types (`require`, `require-dev`)
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should be included in the listing. By default both are used.
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$ php composer.phar depends --link-type=require monolog/monolog
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nrk/monolog-fluent
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poc/poc
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propel/propel
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symfony/monolog-bridge
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symfony/symfony
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### Options
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* **--link-type:** The link types to match on, can be specified multiple
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times.
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## validate
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You should always run the `validate` command before you commit your
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`composer.json` file, and before you tag a release. It will check if your
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`composer.json` is valid.
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$ php composer.phar validate
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## self-update
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To update composer itself to the latest version, just run the `self-update`
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command. It will replace your `composer.phar` with the latest version.
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$ php composer.phar self-update
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## create-project
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You can use Composer to create new projects from an existing package.
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There are several applications for this:
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1. You can deploy application packages.
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2. You can check out any package and start developing on patches for example.
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3. Projects with multiple developers can use this feature to bootstrap the
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initial application for development.
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To create a new project using composer you can use the "create-project" command.
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Pass it a package name, and the directory to create the project in. You can also
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provide a version as third argument, otherwise the latest version is used.
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The directory is not allowed to exist, it will be created during installation.
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php composer.phar create-project doctrine/orm path 2.2.0
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By default the command checks for the packages on packagist.org.
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### Options
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* **--repository-url:** Provide a custom repository to search for the package,
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which will be used instead of packagist. Can be either an HTTP URL pointing
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to a `composer` repository, or a path to a local `packages.json` file.
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* **--prefer-source:** Get a development version of the code checked out
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from version control.
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## help
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To get more information about a certain command, just use `help`.
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$ php composer.phar help install
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## Environment variables
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You can set a number of environment variables that override certain settings.
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Whenever possible it is recommended to specify these settings in the `config`
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section of `composer.json` instead. It is worth noting that that the env vars
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will always take precedence over the values specified in `composer.json`.
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### COMPOSER
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By setting the `COMPOSER` env variable it is possible to set the filename of
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`composer.json` to something else.
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For example:
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$ COMPOSER=composer-other.json php composer.phar install
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### COMPOSER_VENDOR_DIR
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By setting this var you can make composer install the dependencies into a
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directory other than `vendor`.
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### COMPOSER_BIN_DIR
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By setting this option you can change the `bin` ([Vendor Bins](articles/vendor-bins.md))
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directory to something other than `vendor/bin`.
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### COMPOSER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT
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This env var controls the time composer waits for commands (such as git
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commands) to finish executing. The default value is 60 seconds.
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### http_proxy or HTTP_PROXY
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If you are using composer from behind an HTTP proxy, you can use the standard
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`http_proxy` or `HTTP_PROXY` env vars. Simply set it to the URL of your proxy.
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Many operating systems already set this variable for you.
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Using `http_proxy` (lowercased) or even defining both might be preferrable since
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some tools like git or curl will only use the lower-cased `http_proxy` version.
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Alternatively you can also define the git proxy using
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`git config --global http.proxy <proxy url>`.
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← [Libraries](02-libraries.md) | [Schema](04-schema.md) →
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